[ 1 ] Fabrice Rossi.
Java, .NET et les logiciels libres.
GNU/Linux Magazine France, (67):8-17, Décembre 2004.
http://apiacoa.org/publications/2004/lm-java-dotnet-free.pdf.

[ 2 ] Site de l'Open Source Initiative.
http://www.opensource.org/.

[ 3 ] Site de ECMA International.
http://www.ecma-international.org/.

[ 4 ] Site de l'International Organization for Standardization (iso).
http://www.iso.ch/.

[ 5 ] ECMA international.
C# Language Specification, fourth edition, June 2006.
Standard ECMA-334, disponible à l'URL http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-334.htm.

[ 6 ] ECMA international.
Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), fourth edition, June 2006.
Standard ECMA-335, disponible à l'URL http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-335.htm.

[ 7 ] Code of conduct in patent matters.
http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/codeofconduct.htm.
La politique de l'ECMA en matière de brevets.

[ 8 ] Richard Stallman.
Free but shackled - the Java trap.
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/java-trap.html, April 2004.

[ 9 ] Thomson.
Patent portfolio.
http://www.mp3licensing.com/patents/index.html.

[ 10 ] Gabriel Bouvigne.
Patents and mp3.
http://www.mp3-tech.org/patents.html.

[ 11 ] Article mp3 sur la wikipédia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3.

[ 12 ] Mp3 support in fedora core.
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Multimedia/MP3 et http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ForbiddenItems#MP3_Support.
Fedora Wiki.

[ 13 ] Free Software Foundation.
Some confusing or loaded words and phrases that are worth avoiding.
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html.

[ 14 ] Thomson.
Royalty rates.
http://www.mp3licensing.com/royalty/.

[ 15 ] Site du projet lame.
http://lame.sourceforge.net/.

[ 16 ] Seth Nickell.
Why mono is currently an unacceptable risk.
http://www.gnome.org/~seth/blog/mono, May 2004.

[ 17 ] ASF position regarding Sender ID.
http://apache.org/foundation/docs/sender-id-position.html, September 2004.

[ 18 ] David Berlind.
Will C# benefit Microsoft, or the industry?
http://techupdate.zdnet.com/techupdate/stories/main/0,14179,2887217,00.html, October 2002.
ZDNet.

[ 19 ] Grégoire Lejeune.
Introduction au langage c#.
GNU/Linux Magazine Franc, (67), Décembre 2004.

[ 20 ] Steve ballmer: Kein tänzchen an der leine.
http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/25564, Mars 2002.
Heise Online.

[ 21 ] Jim Miller.
Microsoft applies for .Net patent.
http://web.archive.org/web/20030609164123/http://mailserver.di.unipi.it/pipermail/dotnet-sscli/msg00218.html, February 2003.
Déclaration sur le brevet sur l'API de .NET par un des inventeurs du brevet.

[ 22 ] Site du projet Mono.
http://www.mono-project.com/.

[ 23 ] Martin LaMonica.
More than an open-source curiosity.
http://news.com.com/2008-7344_3-5271084.html, July 2004.
CNET News.com.

[ 24 ] John Sequeira.
Mono developer meeting.
http://www.oreillynet.com/databases/blog/2004/03/mono_developer_meeting.html, March 2004.

[ 25 ] Adam W. Smith et al.
Application program interface for network software platform.
Patent Application 10/087,027, United States Patent and Trademark Office, February 2002.
Numéro de publication 20030028685. Disponible sur le site http://portal.uspto.gov/external/portal/pair.

[ 26 ] Andrew Orlowski.
Ms patents .Everything.
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2003/02/11/ms_patents_everything/, February 2003.
The Register.

[ 27 ] Lisa M. Bowman.
.Net patent could stifle standards effort.
http://news.com.com/2100-1001_3-984052.html, February 2003.
CNET News.com.

[ 28 ] Andrew F. Roberts et al.
Method and apparatus for providing web based services using an xml runtime model to store state session data.
Patent 6,792,605, United States Patent and Trademark Office, September 2004.

[ 29 ] David Yach.
Virtual machine web browser.
Patent Application 09/728,543, United States Patent and Trademark Office, August 2002.
Numéro de publication 20020112078.

[ 30 ] Richard Louis Firth and David Treadwell.
System having a library of protocol independent reentrant network interface functions for providing common calling interface for communication and application protocols.
Patent 5,987,517, United States Patent and Trademark Office, November 1999.

[ 31 ] Dee-Ann LeBlanc.
New mono-based applications for gnome in fedora core 5.
http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/reviews/6232/1/, June 2006.
Linux Planet.

[ 32 ] Site du projet DotGNU.
http://www.dotgnu.org/.

[ 33 ] Site de Beagle.
http://beagle-project.org/Main_Page.

[ 34 ] Site de F-Spot.
http://www.f-spot.org/Main_Page.

[ 35 ] Site de Tomboy.
http://www.beatniksoftware.com/tomboy/.

[ 36 ] Havoc Pennington.
Yay, language debates.
http://log.ometer.com/2005-05.html#10, May 2005.

[ 37 ] Stephen Shankland.
Red hat: Mono in fedora, not enterprise linux.
http://news.com.com/2061-10795_3-6025387.html, January 2006.
CNET News.com.

[ 38 ] Greg DeKoenigsberg.
Fedora and Mono and OIN - clarifications.
http://gregdek.livejournal.com/4008.html, March 2006.

[ 39 ] Site de l'Open Invention Network.
http://www.openinventionnetwork.com/.

[ 40 ] Mark H. Webbink.
The Open Invention Network.
Linux Magazine, page 18, April 2006.
Consutable en ligne après enregistrement gratuit sur http://www.linux-mag.com/content/view/2541/.

[ 41 ] Open Invention Network.
Complete list of linux environment components.
http://www.openinventionnetwork.com/pat_linuxdefpop.html, 2006.

[ 42 ] Open Invention Network.
Open Invention Network's currently owned patents.
http://www.openinventionnetwork.com/pat_owned.php.

[ 43 ] John Markoff.
Novell discloses it bought e-commerce patents.
The New York Times, May 2005.
http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/05/02/business/novell.php.

[ 44 ] Robin Cover.
Commercenet proposes collecting contributions to purchase key web services patents.
http://xml.coverpages.org/ni2004-11-24-a.html, November 2004.
Cover Pages.

[ 45 ] Open invention network acquires new patents to protect linux.
http://www.openinventionnetwork.com/press_release.php, May 2006.

[ 46 ] Sam Ramji.
Talking mono with miguel de icaza.
http://port25.technet.com/archive/2006/08/11/Let_2700_s-talk-Mono_3A00_-Sam-interviews-Miguel-de-Icaza.aspx, August 2006.
Port 25.

[ 47 ] Martin LaMonica.
Novell ships cross-platform mono tool.
http://news.com.com/Novell+ships+cross-platform+Mono+tool/2100-1012_3-5253448.html, June 2004.
CNET News.com.

[ 48 ] Todd Bishop.
The mono 'experiment'.
ttp://blog.seattlepi.nwsource.com/microsoft/archives/005691.html, September 2005.
Todd Bishop's Microsoft Blog.

[ 49 ] John McGrath.
Mono & .net: The odd couple.
http://techupdate.zdnet.com/techupdate/stories/main/0,14179,2907356,00.html, December 2002.
ZDNet.

[ 50 ] Paul Krill.
Microsoft's hejlsberg touts .net, c-omega technologies.
http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/06/10/HNhejlsberg_1.html, June 2005.
InfoWorld.

[ 51 ] Tim Anderson.
Miguel de icaza on mono.
http://www.itwriting.com/monointerview.php, 2005 July.

[ 52 ] C# programming tools.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/vcsharp/programming/tools/.
MSDN.

[ 53 ] Dare Obasanjo.
Using the ecma standards: An interview with miguel de icaza.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframework/programming/clr/default.aspx?pull=/library/en-us/dndotnet/html/deicazainterview.asp, December 2001.
MSDN.

[ 54 ] Todd Bishop.
Rival shines in shadows at microsoft's l.a. event.
Seattle Post-Intelligencer, September 2005.
http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/business/240989_pdcmono16.html.

[ 55 ] Miguel de Icaza.
Mono meeting at the microsoft pdc.
http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2005/Sep-06.html, September 2005.

[ 56 ] Lang.net symposium.
http://www.langnetsymposium.com/, July-August 2006.

[ 57 ] Stephen Walli.
Mono, microsoft, and mischief.
http://stephesblog.blogs.com/my_weblog/2005/08/mono_microsoft_.html, August 2005.

[ 58 ] Gavin Clarke.
Indigo not so open as .net framework?
http://www.regdeveloper.co.uk/2005/05/26/ndigo_mono_no_no/, May 2005.
Reg Developer.

[ 59 ] Gavin Clarke.
Pay to play with microsoft's indigo.
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/06/16/_microsoft_indigo/, June 2005.
The Register.

[ 60 ] Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols.
Microsoft puts roadblock in front of open-sourcing avalon and indigo.
eWeek, June 2005.
http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1759,1829797,00.asp.

[ 61 ] Windows communication foundation.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/winfx/technologies/communication/default.aspx.
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0.

[ 62 ] Windows presentation foundation.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/winfx/reference/presentation/default.aspx.
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0.

[ 63 ] Site de cairo.
http://cairographics.org/.

[ 64 ] Projet amber sur novell forge.
http://forge.novell.com/modules/xfmod/project/?amber.

[ 65 ] Miguel de Icaza.
A j2ee moment of zen.
http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2006/Aug-02.html, August 2006.

[ 66 ] Mono hacking roadmap.
http://www.mono-project.com/Mono_Hacking_Roadmap#Avalon_plans, September 2005.

[ 67 ] Site du Java Community Process (JCP).
http://www.jcp.org/.

[ 68 ] Executive Committee Info.
http://jcp.org/en/participation/committee.
Composition de l'Executive Committee du JCP.

[ 69 ] Java Specification Participation Agreement.
http://www.jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/JSPA2.pdf, Janvier 2005.
Version actuellement en vigueur : 2.0.1.

[ 70 ] JSPA news & status.
http://jakarta.apache.org/site/jspa-position.html, 2002.
La position de la fondation Apache pour la révision du JSPA.

[ 71 ] Robert A. Gingell.
Java community process (JCP) program chair responds to apache software foundation.
http://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/announce/LetterofIntent.html.
La position de Sun pour la révision du JSPA.

[ 72 ] JBoss becomes first open source application server to achieve J2EE 1.4 compatibility certification.
http://www.jboss.com/pdf/press/j2eecertfinal.pdf, July 2004.
Annonce de presse de JBoss Inc. pour la certification de JBoss 4.0 en tant que serveur J2EE.

[ 73 ] JOnAS becomes the first non commercial open-source application server to complete J2EE 1.4(tm) compatibility certification.
http://www.objectweb.org/phorum/read.php?f=25&i=88&t=88, February 2005.
Annonce de presse du consortium ObjectWeb pour la certification de JOnAS 4 en tant que serveur J2EE.

[ 74 ] Apache and the jcp.
http://www.apache.org/jcp/.
Description de la participation de la fondation Apache au JCP.

[ 75 ] Site de Tomcat.
http://tomcat.apache.org/.

[ 76 ] Site de Geronimo.
http://geronimo.apache.org/.

[ 77 ] Site de Classpath.
http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/.

[ 78 ] Site de Kaffe.
http://www.kaffe.org/.

[ 79 ] Site de CACAO.
http://www.cacaojvm.org/.

[ 80 ] Site de SableVM.
http://sablevm.org/.

[ 81 ] Site de Jikes RVM.
http://jikesrvm.sourceforge.net/.

[ 82 ] Site de IKVM.NET.
http://www.ikvm.net/.

[ 83 ] Site de JamVM.
http://jamvm.sourceforge.net/.

[ 84 ] Site de Jikes.
http://jikes.sourceforge.net/.

[ 85 ] Site d'eclipse.
http://www.eclipse.org/.

[ 86 ] Site de GCJ.
http://gcc.gnu.org/java/.

[ 87 ] SWT: The standard widget toolkit.
http://www.eclipse.org/swt/.

[ 88 ] Site d'azureus.
http://azureus.sourceforge.net/.

[ 89 ] Site de jEdit.
http://www.jedit.org/.

[ 90 ] Site de JFreeChart.
http://www.jfree.org/jfreechart/.

[ 91 ] Site du projet Harmony.
http://incubator.apache.org/harmony/.

[ 92 ] Commentaire de Dalibor Topic (développeur kaffe et classpath) au sujet de l'absenve d'accord entre la fondation apache et classpath.
http://www.osnews.com/permalink.php?news_id=14198&comment_id=110641, April 2006.
OsNews.

[ 93 ] Mark Wielaard.
Toward a free java.
http://lwn.net/Articles/184967/, May 2006.
LWN.

[ 94 ] Martin LaMonica.
Ibm urges sun to make java open source.
http://news.com.com/IBM+urges+Sun+to+make+Java+open+source/2100-1007_3-5165427.html, February 2004.
CNET News.com.

[ 95 ] Eric S. Raymond.
Open letter to sun: Let java go.
http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/let-java-go.html, February 2004.

[ 96 ] Martin LaMonica.
Sun reluctant to make java open source.
http://news.com.com/Sun+reluctant+to+make+Java+open+source/2100-7344_3-5173427.html, March 2004.
CNET News.com.

[ 97 ] Martin LaMonica.
Door to java source code opens a crack wider.
http://news.com.com/Door+to+Java+source+code+opens+a+crack+wider/2100-7344_3-5621235.html, 2005.
CNET News.com.

[ 98 ] Dalibor Topic.
Welcome to the java melodrama show!
http://www.advogato.org/person/robilad/diary.html?start=65, March 2005.

[ 99 ] Andrew Orlowski.
'get a lawyer!' sun tells developers.
http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2005/03/17/two_new_java_licenses/, March 2005.
Channel Register.

[ 100 ] Martin LaMonica.
Sun to make java more linux-friendly.
http://news.com.com/Sun+to+make+Java+more+Linux-friendly/2100-7344_3-6068852.html, May 2006.
CNET News.com.

[ 101 ] Joris Evers.
Sun promises to open-source java.
http://news.com.com/Sun+promises+to+open-source+Java/2100-7344_3-6072760.html, May 2006.
CNET News.com.

[ 102 ] Stephen Shankland.
Sun expands open-source java plan.
http://news.com.com/Sun+expands+open-source+Java+plan/2100-7252_3-6105601.html, August 2006.
CNET News.com.

[ 103 ] Les plans de sun pour la libération de java.
https://jdk.dev.java.net/news-08-14-06.html.

[ 104 ] Site Open Sourcing the JDK.
http://community.java.net/jdk/opensource/.

[ 105 ] Tom Tromey.
Open source java.
http://tromey.com/blog/?p=262, August 2006.

[ 106 ] Sonali Shah and Frank Sommers.
Does the JCP adequately balance innovation with maintenance of Java's standards?
JavaWorld. http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2002/jw-1108-jcp.html, November 2002.

[ 107 ] Specification: Java 2 platform standard edition development kit 5.0 specification ("specification").
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/relnotes/license.html, August 2004.

[ 108 ] Jonathan Skillings.
Kodak sues sun over aspects of java.
http://news.com.com/2100-1001-836322.html, February 2002.
CNET News.com.

[ 109 ] Pamela Jones.
Kodak wins Java lawsuit against Sun.
http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20041003041632172, October 2004.

[ 110 ] Stephen Shankland.
Sun settles Kodak's Java suit for $92 million.
http://news.com.com/2100-1012_3-5401804.html, October 2004.
CNET News.com.

[ 111 ] Charles Babcock and John Foley.
The cost of ideas.
http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=49900578, October 2004.
Information Week.

[ 112 ] Sun Microsystems stands behind its customers and communities, settling outstanding litigation with Eastman Kodak company.
http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/2004-10/sunflash.20041007.2.html, October 2004.
Communiqué de presse de Sun sur l'accord avec Kodak.

[ 113 ] Elijah Newren.
New module decisions for 2.16.
http://mail.gnome.org/archives/devel-announce-list/2006-August/msg00000.html, August 2006.

[ 114 ] Floyd Marinescu.
Red hat sued over hibernate 3 orm patent infringement claim.
http://www.infoq.com/news/RedHat-Sued-Due-to-Hibernate-3-O, June 2006.

[ 115 ] Site d'hibernate.
http://hibernate.org/.

[ 116 ] Bruce Perens.
The monster arrives: Software patent lawsuits against open source developers.
http://technocrat.net/d/2006/6/30/5032, June 2006.